1. Radio-Frequency Characteristics of Components

2. Introduction to Microwave Measurements: Detection of RF Power and Development of a Scalar Reflectometer

3. Introduction to Network Analysis

4. Introduction to Microstrip Transmission Lines and Computer-Aided Design lab5.mdl - IC-CAP file for measurement control

5. Introduction to Microwave Transistors

6. Matching Network Design and Circuit Layout

7. Amplifier Design for Maximum Power Transfer

8. Amplifier Nonlinear Performance and Inter modulation

9. Low Noise Amplifier Design

Transient and ac behavior of p-n junctions, effect of doping profile on the capacitance of p-n junctions, noise in p-n junctions, high-frequency equivalent circuit, varactor diode and its applications; Schottky effect, Schottky barrier diode and its applications; Heterojunctions. Tunneling process in p-n junction and MIS tunnel diodes, V-I characteristics and device performance, backward diode. Impact ionization, IMPATT and other related diodes, small-signal analysis of IMPATT diodes.

Introduction to Wireless Systems: Classification of wireless systems; Design and performance issues include the choice of operating frequency, multiple access and duplexing, circuit switching versus packet switching, propagation, radiated power and safety; Cellular telephone systems and standards.

Introduction to waves: The wave equation, waves in perfect dielectrics, lossy matter, reflection of waves, transmission line concepts, waveguide and resonator concepts, radiation and antenna concepts. Theorems and concepts: Duality, uniqueness, image theory, the equivalence principle, induction theorem, reciprocity theorem, Green’s function and integral equation. Plane wave functions: The wave function, plane waves, rectangular waveguide and cavity, partially filled waveguide, dielectric slab waveguide, surface guided waves, currents in waveguides.

Complex integration: Cauchy-Goursat Theorem (for convex region), Cauchy's integral formula, Higher order derivatives, Morera's Theorem, Cauchy's inequality and Liouville's theorem, Fundamental theorem of algebra, Maximum modulus principle, Taylor’s theorem, Schwarz lemma. Laurent's series, Isolated singularities, Meromorphic functions, Rouche's theorem, Residues, Cauchy's residue theorem, Evaluation of integrals, Riemann surfaces.

Module 1: Human Values (5hrs)

Review: Linear algebra, matrix calculus, probability and statistics.

Real Time DSP Module: Fixed point representation of signals and introducing fixed point tool box in Matlab. Learning the impact of number representations in signal processing applications-IIR, FIR filter design in C- implementation of signal processing algorithms by applying quantization techniques and analyzing using Mat lab and DSP processor. Audio signal processing-echo cancellation, stream processing, block processing and vector processing of signals using DSP processor application to adaptive filtering, FFT, DCT, Wavelet using DSP processor.

Analysis of LTI system: Phase and Magnitude response of the system, Minimum phase, maximum phase, All- pass. Multirate Signal Processing: Interpolation, Decimation, sampling rate conversion, Filter bank design, Poly phase structures. Time-frequency representation; frequency scale and resolution; uncertainty principle, short- time Fourier transform. Multi-resolution concept and analysis, Wavelet transform (CWT, DWT). Optimum Linear Filters: Innovations Representation of a Stationary Random Process, Forward and Backward linear prediction, Solution of the Normal Equations.

Vectors: Representation and dot products, Norms, Matrices: The four fundamental spaces of a matrix, matrix as a linear operator, geometry associated with matrix operations, inverses and generalized inverses, matrix factorization/decompositions, rank of a matrix, matrix norms. Vector spaces: column and row spaces, null space, solving Ax=0 and Ax=b, independence, basis, dimension, linear transformations.

Orthogonality: Orthogonal vectors and subspaces, projection and least squares, Gram Schmidt orthogonalization.

Introduction of software: Analog design flow, digital design flow

Digital:

Design of a complex digital circuit (eg. an ALU or a multiplier) using high level h ardware description languages, logic simulation and timing simulation. Extraction of critical paths and circuit simulation of critical path sub-circuits. Circuit partitioning and realisation using FPGAs or PALs.

Analog: