Cryogenic Engineering: Historical background and applications – gas liquefaction systems – gas separation and gas purification systems – cryogenic refrigeration systems – storage and handling of cryogens – cryogenic insulations – liquefied natural – gas-properties of materials of low temperatures – material of construction and techniques of fabrication – instrumentation – ultra-low temperature techniques – application.

Description of essential features of aircraft, rocket and spacecraft structures – type of loads on flight structures – bending, shear and torsion of open and closed thin-walled beams – monocoque, stiffened plate, isogrid and sandwich constructions – idealization and stress analysis of typical aerospace structural components – pressurized structures – stress discontinuities – effects of cut-outs – effects of boundary conditions in open and closed section beams – structural fatigue.

Panel methods – unsteady potential flows – compressible flow over wings – axisymmetric flows and slender body theories – flight vehicle aerodynamics – rotor aerodynamics – low Reynolds number aerodynamics – flapping wings – two- and three-dimensional flow separation.

Fundamental aspects of structural dynamics – free vibration and modal representation of flexible structures – application to beam extension, shear, bending and torsion dynamics – static aeroelasticity – wind tunnel models – divergence and aileron reversal – Lifting surfaces: torsional divergence and load redistribution, aeroelastic tailoring – aeroelastic flutter – stability characteristics – Flutter analysis: wind tunnel models – flexible wings.

Radiation Heat Transfer: fundamentals – view factors – network method and enclosure analysis for gray – diffuse enclosures containing transparent media – engineering treatment of gas radiation.

Two Phase Flow: fundamentals – flow patterns – basic equations for homogeneous flow and the separated-flow model

Boiling Heat Transfer: pool boiling – forced convective – cross flow – multicomponent boiling – correlations for boiling coefficient – critical heat flux

Fluid kinematics – physical conservation laws – review of integral and differential formulations – Navier-Stokes and energy equations – solution of Navier-Stokes equations; steady and unsteady flows – waves in fluids (potential flow formulation) – boundary layer theory; Blasius solution, Falkner-Skan solutions, momentum integral approach – introduction to turbulent flows.

Flows on the line: Introduction; Fixed points and stability; Population growth; Linear Stability Analysis; Existence and Uniqueness; Impossibility of oscillations; Potentials

Bifurcations: Saddle-node bifurcation; Transcritical bifurcation; Laser threshold; Pitchfork bifurcation; Overdamped bead on a rotating hoop; Imperfect bifurcations and catastrophes; Insect outbreak

Flows on a circle: Examples and Definitions; Uniform Oscillator; Nonuniform Oscillator; Overdamped Pendulum; Fireflies; Superconducting Josephson junctions

Quantum bits and quantum gates: quantum bits, basic computations with 1-qubit quantum gates, Pauli matrices or I, X, Y, Z-gates, Hadamard matrix gate or H-gate, quantum gates with multiple qubit inputs and outputs, quantum circuits, non cloning theorem.

Quantum measurements: quantum measurements and types, quantum measurements in the orthonormal basis,  Projective  or  von-Neumann  measurements,   POVM   measurements,   quantum   measurements on joint states.

Review of Embedded Hardware: Gates - Timing Diagram - Memory – microprocessors. Interrupts Microprocessor Architecture - Interrupt Basics - Shared Data Problem - Interrupt latency. Software Development: Round-Robin, Round robin with Interrupts, function-Queue- Scheduling Architecture, Algorithms. Introduction to - Assembler - Compiler - Cross Compilers and Integrated Development Environment (IDE). Object-Oriented Interfacing, Recursion, Debugging strategies, Simulators. Embedded Microcomputer Systems - Motorola MC68H11: Motorola MC68H11 Family Architecture, Interfacing methods.

State space Approach: State space modeling of physical systems – diagonal and Jordan canonical forms – Solution of Linear Time Invariant (LTI) state equation – Cayley Hamilton theorem – Controllability and Observability Tests – Kalman decomposition technique – Controller design by state feedback – Full order/reduced order observer design – observer-based state feedback control – stability definitions in state space domain.