Aerodynamic forces and moments – review of governing equations – potential flows – Kutta condition – vortex theorems – thin airfoil theory – finite wing theory – panel methods – flow over delta wings – boundary layer theory – effect of pressure gradient – flow separation and stall – high-lift devices – structure of turbulent boundary layer – Reynolds averaging.

Integral Transforms: The Fourier transform pair - algebraic properties of Fourier transform – convolution, modulation, and translation – transforms of derivatives and derivatives of transform – inversion theory. Laplace transforms of elementary functions – inverse Laplace transforms – linearity property – first and second shifting theorem – Laplace transforms of derivatives and integrals – Laplace transform of Dirac delta function – applications of Laplace transform in solving ordinary differential equations.

Semiconductor fundamentals, crystal structure, concept of effective-mass, Fermi level, energy‐band diagram, concept of holes, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, carrier concentration, carrier transport, scattering and drift of electrons and holes, drift and diffusion, generation and recombination, quasi-Fermi levels.

Semiconductor junctions, Physical description of p‐n junction, p-n junction under forward and reverse bias, current – voltage characteristics and temperature dependence, tunneling current and tunnel diode, small signal ac analysis.