Eulerian and Lagrangian approach – fluid kinematics: material derivative, rotation, deformation –Reynolds transport theorem – physical conservation laws – integral and differential formulations – Navier–Stokes and energy equations – exact solution of Navier–Stokes equations: steady and unsteady flows – potential flows: basic flow patterns, superposition – waves in fluids – boundary layer theory: momentum integral approach, Blasius solution, Falkner–Skan solutions – turbulent flows:time-averaged equations – closure problem – turbulence modeling.