Syllabus

Planar Optical Waveguides: Wave propagation in planar optical waveguides, ray theory, electromagnetic mode theory, phase and group velocity, dispersion. Optical Fibre Waveguides: Wave propagation in cylindrical fibres, modes and mode coupling, step and graded index fibres, single-mode fibres. Transmission Characteristics of Fibres: Attenuation, material absorption and scattering loss, bend loss, intra-modal and inter-modal dispersion in step and graded fibres, overall dispersion in single and multi-mode fibres. Optical Fibre Connection: Optical fiber cables, stability of characteristics, fibre alignment; Fibre splices, connectors, couplers. Optical Sources: Absorption and emission of radiation, population inversion and laser oscillation, pn junction, recombination and diffusion, stimulated emission and lasing, hetero-junctions, single frequency injection lasers and their characteristics, light emitting diode structures and their characteristics. Optical Detectors: Optical detection principles, p-n, p-i-n, and avalanche photodiodes. Optical Communication System: System description and design considerations of an optical fibre communication system, noise in detection process, power budgeting, rise time budgeting, maximum transmission distance. Optical networks: WDM concepts and principles, basic networks, SONET/SDH, broadcast-andselect WDM networks, wavelength-routed networks, nonlinear effects on network performance, performance of WDM & EDFA systems; Solitons; Optical CDMA.