Syllabus

Data types and models – Input / output techniques in GIS (spatial and non-spatial) – editing –Topology – database structure – Spatial analysis of vector and raster data models – Network analysis, optimization of path, time and cost, routing and events, facility location, hydrological analysis –interpolation methods  – multidimensional (MD) data -  spatial representation of data -  object hierarchy -  MD  structure: k-d tree, Point quadtree  – construction and dynamic & kinetic data structure -  topology of 3D data – terrain data acquisition and input – interpolation and transformation algorithms - 3D attribute data acquisition, source of data: field base, airborne, satellite, microwave and LiDAR - data input, editing, management – surface analysis - advantages and disadvantages of 3D and 4D – 4D / 5D representation - visualization - applications: emergency response, shadow analysis, urban development, infrastructure development and management, transportation and communication, Utilities modeling, virtual cities–Decision support systems, expert systems – WebGIS - Enterprise GIS-National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI).