Course
PostgraduateSemester
ElectivesSubject Code
AVC868Subject Title
Advanced Sensors and Interface ElectronicsSyllabus
Introduction and Background of state-of-art sensing and measurement techniques. Contactless potentiometer (resistance-capacitance scheme) – Methodology, Interface Circuits, Overview of Flight Instrumentation. Analog Electronic Blocks, CMRR Analysis (Non-ideal opamps) of an Instrumentation Amplifier, Linearization circuits for single-element wheatstone bridges (application to strain gauge), Direct Digital Converter for Strain gauges, Signal conditioning for Remote-connected sensor elements. Inductive sensors andelectronic circuits, Eddy-current based sensors, Synchros and Resolvers, Magnetic shielding techniques. State-of-art Magnetic Sensors – Principle, Characteristics and Applications – Induction Magnetometer, Flux gate Magnetometer, Hall Effect Sensor, Magnetoresistance Sensors, GMR Sensors – Multi-layer and Spin Valve, Wiegand Effect, SQUID.
Case Study-1: GMR Based Angular Position Sensor, Sensing Arrangement, Linearization Electronics – Methodology, Circuit Design and Analysis.
Case study-2: Brake Wear Monitoring, Reluctance-Hall Effect Angle Transducer–Sensing Arrangement, Front-end Electronics. Overview of Basic Capacitive sensors. Various design considerations; guarding, stray fields, offset and stray capacitance, Ratio metric measurement – advantages and circuit implementations. RMS, Peak, Average Value Electronic Schemes for Capacitive Sensors, Synchronous Phase Detection – multiplier and switching type.
Case study-3: Liquid level detection – Concentric Cylindrical Plates, Plates on container walls – Dielectric and Conductive Liquids - Analysis.
Case study-4: Capacitive Angle Transducers and Front-end electronics.
Piezoelectric sensors, Seismic transducers. Introduction to MEMS, Piezoelectric, Electrodynamic and MEMS Capacitive Accelerometers, Principles of Ultrasonic sensors - Equivalent circuit and transfer function of a piezoelectric transmitter, crystal oscillator. NDT using ultrasonic and eddy- current.
Optical and Fibre Optic Sensors MEMS Pressure sensors, Vacuum-pressure estimation and important flow measurement (volume and mass flow rate) schemes, Flapper-nozzle systems. Sensing Schemes for Attitude, Position measurement and navigation Instrumentation Systems for Occupancy Detection – Ultrasound, Inductive and Capacitive schemes. Non-contact current and voltage measurement, Newhuman vital-sign sensing techniques.
Text Books
Same as Reference
References
1. Sensors and Signal Conditioning, Ramón Pallás-Areny,John G. Webster, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 2003.
2. Measurement systems: Application and Design, Doebelin, E.O., 5th ed., McGraw hill, 2003.
3. The Measurement, Instrumentation and Sensors Handbook, J. G. Webster, Vol 1 and 2, CRC Press, 1999.
4. Capacitive Sensors – Design and Applications, L. K. Baxter, IEEE Press Series on Electronic Technology, NJ, 1997.
5. Handbook of Modern Sensors – Physics, Designs and Applications, Jacob Fraden, Springer, 4th Edition, 2010.
6. Principle of Measurement Systems, John P. Bentley, Pearson Education; 3rd Edition, 2006.
7. Fundamentals of Industrial Instrumentation, A. Barua, Wiley, 2013.
Course Outcomes (COs):
CO1: Understand and analysis the advanced analog interfacing electronic schemes for sensors and their error and noise analysis.
CO2: Understand the various digital front-ends for sensors present in practically-relevant scenerios.
CO3: Study of the principle of state of the art magnetic sensors, basic interfacing and applications.
CO4: Understand the capacitive and inductive sensing modules and associated signal conditioning techniques.
CO5: Analyse and understand various sensor-electronic systems used in research and industry.