The systematic study of the EM wave propagation in ON to ON-Body using the twelve-cylinder phantom model which aids in static as well as dynamic system modelling is investigated using systematic simulation and experimental measurements in advancement microwave research Lab at the department of Avionics by Elizabeth George and Dr. Chinmoy Saha.

The twelve-cylinder phantom model (Link) is a simplified human body model featuring the critical parts of human body segments such as head, shoulder, torso, upper arm, lower arm, thighs and calf. For the study of ON-to ON-Body transmission characteristics two cross slot antennas having omnidirectional radiation pattern are used. An in-depth investigation of creeping waves and double arm swing activity using the twelve-cylinder model under different configurations and dynamic situations are executed with transmission characteristics. The investigation of creeping wave characteristics is performed using a simplified cylindrical phantom model. The propagation of electromagnetic waves on the body includes a union of free space propagation, creeping waves which is due to the diffractions as well as the reflections from the environment. The work deals with the propagation of creeping waves around a lossy dielectric cylinder in a circular fashion to mimic EM analysis in body worn antenna environment. The study of creeping waves around the torso will provide more insights on ON-Body to ON-Body propagation. This is followed by introduction of a human model which features the critical body for the study of double arm swing activity. Two cross-slot antennas (CSA) are designed and fabricated, for investigation of creeping waves along with the double arm swing activity using the newly introduced twelve-cylinder body model. The study of double arm swing activity is performed by considering different dynamic positions of the phantom model, keeping #Ant1 on the chest and #Ant2 on the lower arm. The use of twelve-cylinder body model significantly reduces the experimental procedures as well as research cost. The work also investigates the effect of varying orientation of antenna on a four-year child model.

Fig. (a) Creeping wave simulation set-up using CSA on phantom model, (b) Experimental set-up using container with distilled water, (c) Experimental study using CSA and a container with and without distilled water at 2.4 GHz and (d) Frames P1-P10 illustrating the double arm swing activity.